Law and Ethics Practice Exam

In what instances can confidentiality be disclosed according to ethical and legal standards?

1. Always with verbal consent

2. Only with appropriate consent or legal/ethical justification

3. When it seems appropriate to the counselor

4. Never; it should always remain confidential

The correct answer is: Only with appropriate consent or legal/ethical justification

The principle regarding the disclosure of confidentiality emphasizes the need for either appropriate consent from the individual or a legal/ethical justification for breaching confidentiality. This approach is grounded in the importance of safeguarding a client's trust and privacy while also ensuring compliance with relevant laws and ethical standards that may necessitate a breach in certain circumstances. When obtaining appropriate consent, it refers to a clear and informed agreement from the person whose information is being kept confidential, allowing the counselor to share details under specified conditions. Such consent must be informed, voluntary, and given without coercion. In terms of legal or ethical justification, there are specific instances recognized in both legal frameworks and professional ethical codes where disclosure might be necessary, such as when there is imminent risk of harm to the client or others, instances of abuse, or court orders demanding the release of information. The other options suggest either an absolute openness to disclosure without limitation or partial guidelines that lack the necessary consideration for consent and legal/ethical frameworks. Thus, the understanding that confidentiality can only be disclosed under specific, justified circumstances aligns with ethical practice and legal standards.